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The Conceptual Framework of ACCESS-ed

Conceptual Framework: ACCESS-ed on UDE

The A3 diagram, below, demonstrates the three phases of the A3 model that guide the ACCESS-ed approach to universal design in education: advocacy, accommodation, and accessibility. The three phases occur on a continuum and represent a developmental progression in meeting the needs of students and staff with disabilities within the model advancing toward full universal design and accessibility.


The advocacy phase represents the majority of the model early on and occurs when an awareness is raised due to a particular event.  The accommodation phase represents the majority of contemporary approaches to intervention to make campuses available to individuals with disabilities. Change occurs in order to meet the specific needs of one individual.  The accessibility phase represents the majority of the model in the later stages, representing change over time.  Ideally it occurs when change is designed to meet the needs of all individuals.

A3 Model diagram depicting three phases: advocacy, accommodation and accessibility.

Extended caption

 

REFERENCES

Edyburn, D. L. (2001). Models, theories and frameworks: contributions to understanding special education technology.  Special Education Technology Practice, 4 (2), 16-24

Schwanke, T.D., Smith, R. O, & Edyburn, D.L. (2001). A3 model diagram developed as accessibility and universal design instructional tool. Proceedings of the RESNA 2001 Annual Conference, 205-207.

Smith, R.O., Edyburn, D., & Silverman, M.K. (1999). Using the AAA model for performing accessibility audits. Proceedings of the RESNA 1999 Annual Conference, 163-165.

No author (2006). The A3 model (Advocacy, Accommodation, and Accessibility). In, ATOMS Project: Models and Taxonomies Relating to Assistive Technology Resource [sic]. Retrieved from http://www.r2d2.uwm.edu/atoms/archive/technicalreports/fieldscans/fs7/tr-fs-taxonomiesmodels-resource.html#b36

New information and communications technologies can improve the quality of life for people with disabilities, but only if such technologies are designed from the beginning so that everyone can use them. Given the explosive growth in the use of the World Wide Web for publishing, electronic commerce, lifelong learning and the delivery of government services, it is vital that the Web be accessible to everyone.

Bill Clinton